| # | Title | Journal | Year | Citations |
|---|
| 1 | Basic local alignment search tool | Journal of Molecular Biology | 1990 | 82,180 |
| 2 | Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs | Nucleic Acids Research | 1997 | 64,420 |
| 3 | BLAST+: architecture and applications | BMC Bioinformatics | 2009 | 14,935 |
| 4 | Gene Expression Omnibus: NCBI gene expression and hybridization array data repository | Nucleic Acids Research | 2002 | 10,953 |
| 5 | The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project | Nature Genetics | 2013 | 6,815 |
| 6 | dbSNP: the NCBI database of genetic variation | Nucleic Acids Research | 2001 | 6,103 |
| 7 | Conversion of 5-Methylcytosine to 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Mammalian DNA by MLL Partner TET1 | Science | 2009 | 4,989 |
| 8 | Reference sequence (RefSeq) database at NCBI: current status, taxonomic expansion, and functional annotation | Nucleic Acids Research | 2016 | 4,739 |
| 9 | Primer-BLAST: A tool to design target-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction | BMC Bioinformatics | 2012 | 4,446 |
| 10 | A Greedy Algorithm for Aligning DNA Sequences | Journal of Computational Biology | 2000 | 4,325 |
| 11 | Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information: update | Nucleic Acids Research | 2004 | 4,118 |
| 12 | Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | 2012 | 4,012 |
| 13 | The COG database: an updated version includes eukaryotes | BMC Bioinformatics | 2003 | 3,913 |
| 14 | The COG database: a tool for genome-scale analysis of protein functions and evolution | Nucleic Acids Research | 2000 | 3,734 |
| 15 | Cpf1 Is a Single RNA-Guided Endonuclease of a Class 2 CRISPR-Cas System | Cell | 2015 | 3,558 |
| 16 | PubChem Substance and Compound databases | Nucleic Acids Research | 2016 | 3,471 |
| 17 | A Genomic Perspective on Protein Families | Science | 1997 | 3,352 |
| 18 | NCBI reference sequences (RefSeq): a curated non-redundant sequence database of genomes, transcripts and proteins | Nucleic Acids Research | 2007 | 3,236 |
| 19 | NCBI BLAST: a better web interface | Nucleic Acids Research | 2008 | 3,115 |
| 20 | CDD: NCBI's conserved domain database | Nucleic Acids Research | 2015 | 3,022 |
| 21 | The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS): integrating biomedical terminology | Nucleic Acids Research | 2004 | 2,858 |
| 22 | ClinVar: improving access to variant interpretations and supporting evidence | Nucleic Acids Research | 2018 | 2,746 |
| 23 | CDD: a Conserved Domain Database for the functional annotation of proteins | Nucleic Acids Research | 2011 | 2,727 |
| 24 | GenBank | Nucleic Acids Research | 2012 | 2,561 |
| 25 | CDD/SPARCLE: functional classification of proteins via subfamily domain architectures | Nucleic Acids Research | 2017 | 2,402 |
| 26 | Nucleic acid detection with CRISPR-Cas13a/C2c2 | Science | 2017 | 2,275 |
| 27 | ClinVar: public archive of relationships among sequence variation and human phenotype | Nucleic Acids Research | 2014 | 2,270 |
| 28 | Identification of FAP locus genes from chromosome 5q21 | Science | 1991 | 2,257 |
| 29 | In vivo genome editing using Staphylococcus aureus Cas9 | Nature | 2015 | 2,237 |
| 30 | PubChem 2019 update: improved access to chemical data | Nucleic Acids Research | 2019 | 2,217 |
| 31 | ClinVar: public archive of interpretations of clinically relevant variants | Nucleic Acids Research | 2016 | 2,198 |
| 32 | PubChem in 2021: new data content and improved web interfaces | Nucleic Acids Research | 2021 | 2,146 |
| 33 | Small CRISPR RNAs Guide Antiviral Defense in Prokaryotes | Science | 2008 | 2,138 |
| 34 | A DNA barcode for land plants | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | 2009 | 2,120 |
| 35 | An updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR–Cas systems | Nature Reviews Microbiology | 2015 | 2,081 |
| 36 | Evolution and classification of the CRISPR–Cas systems | Nature Reviews Microbiology | 2011 | 2,078 |
| 37 | Proteins regulating Ras and its relatives | Nature | 1993 | 1,933 |
| 38 | A Genome-Wide Transcriptional Analysis of the Mitotic Cell Cycle | Molecular Cell | 1998 | 1,927 |
| 39 | CDD/SPARCLE: the conserved domain database in 2020 | Nucleic Acids Research | 2020 | 1,878 |
| 40 | CD-Search: protein domain annotations on the fly | Nucleic Acids Research | 2004 | 1,785 |
| 41 | The COG database: new developments in phylogenetic classification of proteins from complete genomes | Nucleic Acids Research | 2001 | 1,733 |
| 42 | Utilization of the PICO framework to improve searching PubMed for clinical questions | BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making | 2007 | 1,667 |
| 43 | C2c2 is a single-component programmable RNA-guided RNA-targeting CRISPR effector | Science | 2016 | 1,647 |
| 44 | BLAST 2 Sequences, a new tool for comparing protein and nucleotide sequences | FEMS Microbiology Letters | 1999 | 1,632 |
| 45 | Detecting subtle sequence signals: a Gibbs sampling strategy for multiple alignment | Science | 1993 | 1,617 |
| 46 | Identification of protein coding regions by database similarity search | Nature Genetics | 1993 | 1,611 |
| 47 | Comparative Genomics of the Eukaryotes | Science | 2000 | 1,573 |
| 48 | BLAST: at the core of a powerful and diverse set of sequence analysis tools | Nucleic Acids Research | 2004 | 1,518 |
| 49 | Minimum information about a single amplified genome (MISAG) and a metagenome-assembled genome (MIMAG) of bacteria and archaea | Nature Biotechnology | 2017 | 1,512 |
| 50 | Cyclic di-GMP: the First 25 Years of a Universal Bacterial Second Messenger | Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews | 2013 | 1,479 |
