Skip to main content

Exploring the Policy Narratives and Politics of Hydraulic Fracturing in New York

  • Chapter
The Science of Stories

Abstract

David Fenton, the founder of Fenton Communications, in an interview with the Grist online, recently suggested that in order for environmental organizations to successfully influence public opinion or policy, they need to pay closer attention to the “marketing” and communication of their concerns and interests (Smith 2014). He notes that people trained in marketing know the importance of “moral narratives and imagery” for influencing public opinion. Fenton, whose company managed a campaign by Yoko Ono in New York to oppose the issue of hydraulic fracturing, indicates in the interview that relating the issues to people, rather than the “environment,” may be key to the success of the environmental movement. However, whether that is the case on the issue of hydraulic fracturing is an empirical question. Hydraulic fracturing is arguably one of the most contentious policy issues on many state and local agendas today, and perhaps one of the most widely debated environmental issues in recent history. Yet, how the policy narratives surrounding hydraulic fracturing are being developed is an understudied area of research. Moreover, such research can provide valuable insights on how the political opinions and policy dialogue are being shaped around this issue.

This research was part of a larger study funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. The authors express their gratitude to the foundation for their generous support and their appreciation to the coding team for this project: Ben Blair, Sam Gallaher, and Jennifer Kagan. Of course, any errors or omissions in this article are the authors’ alone.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Alter, T., Brasier, K., McLaughlin, D., Willits, F., Ooms, T., and Tracewski, S. 2010. “A Baseline Socioeconomic Analysis for the Marcellus Shale development in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania: Appalachian Regional Commission. Available from: http://www.institutepa.org/PDF/Marcellus/MarcellusShaleStudy08312010 Accessed March 18, 2014.

  • Banerjee, Mousumi, Michelle Capozzoli, Laura McSweeney, and Debajyoti Sinha. 1999. “Beyond Kappa: A Review of Interrater Agreement Measures.” The Canadian Journal of Statistics 27(1):3–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bazilian, M., A.R. Brandt, L. Billman, G. Heath, J. Logan, M. Mann, M. Melaina, P. Statwick, D. Arent, and S.M. Benson. 2014. “Ensuing Benefits from North American Shale Gas Development: Towards a Research Agenda.” Journal of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources. Available from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213397614000123.

  • Boudet, Hilary, Christopher Clarke, Dylan Bugden, Edward Maibach, Connie Roser-Renouf, and Anthony Leiserowitz. 2014. “‘Fracking’ Controversy and Communication: Using National Survey Data to Understand Public Perceptions of Hydraulic Fracturing.” Energy Policy 65:57–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, C. 2012. “The Politics of ‘Fracking’: Regulating Natural Gas Drilling Practices in Colorado and Texas.” Review of Policy Research 29:177–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Melo-Martinm Inmaculada, Jake Hays, and Madelon L. Finkel. 2014. “The Role of Ethics in Shale Gas Policies.” Science of the Total Environment, 470–471:1114–1119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Entrekin, S., Evans-White, M., Johnson, B., and Hagenbuch, E. 2011. “Rapid Expansion of Natural Gas Development Poses a Threat to Surface Waters.” Frontiers in Ecology of the Environment 9:503–505.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FracTracker. March 11, 2014. “Current High Volume Horizontal Hydraulic Fracturing Drilling Bans and Moratoriums in NY State.” http://www.fractracker.org/map/ny-moratoria/. Accessed March 18, 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, F. and Forester, J. (Eds). 1993. The Argumentative Turn in Policy Analysis and Planning. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisk, J. M. 2013. “The Right to Know? State Politics of Fracking Disclosure.” Review of Policy Research 30:345–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hakim, Danny. October 1, 2012. “Shift by Cuomo on Gas Drilling Prompts both Anger and Praise.” The New York Times, Al.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heikkila, Tanya, Jonathan J. Pierce, Samuel Gallaher, Jennifer Kagan, Deserai A. Crow, and Christopher M. Weible. 2014A. “Understanding a Period of Policy Change: The Case of Hydraulic Fracturing Disclosure Policy in Colorado.” Review of Policy Research 31(2):65–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heikkila, Tanya, Christopher M. Weible, Jonathan J. Pierce, Samuel Gallaher, Jennifer Kagan, and Benjamin Blair. 2014B, April. A Summary Report of the Politics of Shale Gas Development and High-Volume Hydraulic Fracturing in New York. School of Public Affairs, University of Colorado Denver.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holsti, Ole R. 1969. Content Analysis for the Social Sciences and Humanities. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, R. B., Rainey Pearson, B., Osborn, S. G., Warner, N. R., and Vengosh, A. 2011. “Research and Policy Recommendations for Hydraulic Fracturing and Shale-Gas Extraction.” Center on Global Change, Duke University, Durham, NC. Retrieved from http://www.nicholas.duke.edu.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacquet, J. 2012. “Environmental Concern and Industry Experience: Landowner Attitudes toward Natural Gas and Wind Farm Development in Northern Pennsylvania.” In J Jacquet (ed.), Landowner Attitudes and Perceptions of Impact from Wind and Natural Gas Development in Northern Pennsylvania: Implications for Energy Landscapes in Rural America. Cornell University, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, Michael D. and Mark K. McBeth. 2010. “A Narrative Policy Framework: Clear enough to be Wrong?” Policy Studies Journal 38(2):329–353.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kriesky, J., B.D. Goldsteinm K. Zell, and S. Beach. 2013. “Differing Opinions about Natural Gas Drilling in Two Adjacent Counties with Different Levels of Drilling Activity.” Energy Policy, 58: 228–236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lacy, Stephen and Daniel Riffe. 1996. “Sampling Error and Selecting Intercoder Reliability Samples for Nominal Content Categories.” Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 73(4):963–973.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leach, W. D. and Sabatier, P. 2005. “To Trust an Adversary: Integrating Rational and Psychological Models of Collaborative Policymaking.” American Political Science Review 99:491–503.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lombard, Matthew, Jennifer Snyder-Duch, and Cherly C. Bracken. 2002. “Content Analysis in Mass Communication: Assessment and Reporting of Intercoder Reliability.” Human Communication Research 28(4):587–604.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lustgarten, A. 2009, November 9. “Natural Gas Drilling Produces Radioactive Wastewater.” Scientific American. Accessed from: http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/marcellus-shale-natural-gas-drilling-radioactive-wastewater/.

  • McBeth, Mark K., Elizabeth A. Shanahan, and Michael D. Jones. 2005. “The Science of Storytelling: Measuring Policy Beliefs in Greater Yellowstone.” Society and Natural Resources 18(May/June):413–429.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McBeth, Mark K., Elizabeth A. Shanahan, Ruth J. Arnell, and Paul L. Hathaway. 2007. “The Intersection of Narrative Policy Analysis and Policy Change Theory.” Policy Studies Journal, 35(1):87–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McBeth, Mark K., Elizabeth A. Shanahan, Paul L. Hathaway, Linda E. Tigert, and Lynette J. Sampson. 2010. “Buffalo Tales: Interest group policy stories in Greater Yellowstone.” Policy Sciences 43(4):391–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maykuth, A. 2011, August 30. “Fracking’s Thirst for Water: A Delicate Dance between Gas Findustry and River Commission.” Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved from http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/local/marcellusshale/frackings-thirst-for-water-adelicate-dance-between-gas-industry-and-river-commission-312485/.

  • Miles, M.B. & Huberman, M.A. 1994. Qualitative Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. Second edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • New York Department of Environmental Conservation. 2014. “Marcellus Shale.” http://www.dec.ny.gov/energy/46288.html. Accessed March 18, 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quinnipiac University Poll. 2013. Gas Drilling Divides New York by Region. Available at: http://www.quinnipiac.edu/images/polling/ny/ny04182013.pdf/ Accessed March 18, 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rabe, B. G. and Borick, C. 2013. “Conventional Politics for Unconventional Drilling? Lessons from Pennsylvania’s Early Move into Fracking Policy Development.” Review of Policy Research 30(3):321–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Resources for the Future. 2012. A Review of Shale Gas Regulations by State. Centers for Energy Economics and Policy. Available from: http://www.rff.org/centers/energy_economics_and_policy/Pages/Shale_Maps.aspx Accessed March 18, 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rinfret, Sara., Jeffrey J. Cook, and Michelle C. Pautz. 2014. “Understanding State Rulemaking Processes: Developing Fracking Rules in Colorado, New York, and Ohio. Review of Policy Research 31(2):88–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roe, Emery. 1994. Narrative Policy Analysis: Theory and Practice. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Sabatier, Paul A. 1988. An Advocacy Coalition Framework of Policy Change and the Role of Policy-oriented Learning Therein. Policy Sciences, 21(2–3):129–168.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sabatier, P. A., Hunter, S., and McLaughlin, S. 1987. “The Devil Shift: Perceptions and Misperceptions of Opponents.” The Western Political Quarterly 40:449–476.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shanahan, Elizabeth A. and Mark K. McBeth. 2010. “The Science of Storytelling: Policy Marketing and Wicked Problems in Greater Yellowstone.” In J. Johnson( ed.), Knowing Yellowstone: Science in America’s First National Park. Lanham, MD: Taylor Publishing, 143–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shanahan, Elizabeth A., Michael D. Jones, and Mark K. McBeth. 2011. “Policy Narratives and Policy Processes.” Policy Studies Journal 39(3):535–561.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shanahan, Elizabeth A., Michael D. Jones, Mark K. McBeth, and Ross R. Lane. 2013. “An Angel on the Wind: How Heroic Policy Narratives Shape Policy Realities.” Policy Studies Journal 41 (3):453–483.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, Heather. 2014, March 12. “Want Everyone Else to Buy into Environmentalism? Never say ‘Earth’.” Grist Magazine. Available at: http://grist.org/climate-energy/wanteveryone-else-to-buy-into-environmentalism-never-say-earth/ Accessed: March 18, 2014.

  • Stone, Deborah A. 1989. “Causal Stories and the Formation of Policy Agendas.” Political Science Quarterly 104(2):281–300.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Theodori, G. L. 2009. “Paradoxical Perceptions of Problems Associated with Unconventional Natural Gas Development.” Southern Rural Sociology 24(3):97.

    Google Scholar 

  • United States Energy Information Administration. February 28, 2014. “Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals and Production.” http://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_prod_sum_dcu_sny_a.htm. Accessed March 18, 2014.

  • Warner, B. and Shapiro, J. 2013. “Fractured, Fragmented Federalism: A Study in Fracking Regulatory Policy.” Publius 43:474–496.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weible, C. M., Siddiki, S. N. and Pierce, J. J. 2011. “Foes to Friends: Changing Contexts and Changing Intergroup Perceptions.” Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis 13(5):499–525.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Michael D. Jones Elizabeth A. Shanahan Mark K. McBeth

Copyright information

© 2014 Michael D. Jones, Elizabeth A. Shanahan, and Mark K. McBeth

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Heikkila, T., Weible, C.M., Pierce, J.J. (2014). Exploring the Policy Narratives and Politics of Hydraulic Fracturing in New York. In: Jones, M.D., Shanahan, E.A., McBeth, M.K. (eds) The Science of Stories. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137485861_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics