Abstract
For the several last decades Portugal has been an enjoyed positive migration flows. Since 2008, however, it has experience increased emigration that has not been seen since the late 1960s and early 1970s. This chapter aims to present a portrait of the current Portuguese wave of qualified diaspora in 2008–2015. The main reasons such as economic crises, low salaries and its citizens’ desire for better work opportunities where highlighted. In addition, English language, education and cheap traveling opportunities has changed the destination countries from former Portuguese-speaking colonial countries to European and mostly English-speaking countries.
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Notes
- 1.
One of the most difficult capes to pass of the Western African Coast, in Western Sahara (Morocco).
- 2.
Fernando Pessoa (1888–1935) was a Portuguese poet born who was in Lisbon. He is considered one of the most remarkable Portuguese writers of all time and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese language, although he also wrote in English and French. The Message and Book of Disquiet are two of his most well-known books.
- 3.
Retrieved from https://www.publico.pt/sociedade/noticia/portugal-e-o-12-pais-do-mundo-com-mais-emigracao-1712667 at 26/10/2016.
- 4.
According to the Portuguese newspaper—O Diário de Notícias—these figures are calculated by the Observatório da Emigração on the basis of the numbers of Portuguese permanent migrants that entered other countries. Retrieved from http://www.dn.pt/sociedade/interior/223--das-pessoas-nascidas-em-portugal-vivem-fora-do-pais-5577719.html at 16/01/2017.
- 5.
Retrieved from http://www.dn.pt/inicio/portugal/interior.aspx?content_id=1192698 at 22/09/2016.
- 6.
Retrieved from http://www.pordata.pt/Portugal/Taxa+bruta+de+natalidade-527 at 26/10/2016.
- 7.
Retrieved from at 22/09/2016.
- 8.
- 9.
- 10.
Retrieved from http://www.jornaldenegocios.pt/economia/detalhe/mulheres_ate_40_anos_e_solteiros_dominam_emigracao_qualificada_portuguesa, in 3 April 2017.
- 11.
Retrieved from http://www.politico.eu/article/luxembourg-migration-crisis-eu-asylum-refugees/ at 30/01/2017.
- 12.
Retrieved from https://hojemacau.com.mo/2015/10/30/emigracao-menos-portugueses-em-macau-territorio-e-o-19o-local-mais-apetecido/, at 18/10/2016.
- 13.
In “CIA World Factbook”, retrived from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx.html at 26/10/2016.
- 14.
And since 20/07/2010 also in the Equatorial Guinea.
- 15.
According to the Portuguese Ministery of Education, retrived from http://www.dge.mec.pt/legislacao at 16/1/2017.
- 16.
Available at http://media.ef.com/__/~/media/centralefcom/epi/downloads/full-reports/v5/ef-epi-2015-english.pdf, retrieved at 4/4/2017.
- 17.
Available at https://www.ets.org/s/toeic/pdf/ww_data_report_unlweb.pdf, retrieved in 4/4/2017.
- 18.
Available at https://www.ets.org/s/toefl/pdf/94227_unlweb.pdf, retrived 4/4/2017.
- 19.
Retrieved from http://expresso.sapo.pt/sociedade/2015-11-01-Geracao-Erasmus.-A-mobilizar-estudantes-desde-1987 at 27/10/2016.
- 20.
Retrieved from http://www.portugalglobal.pt/PT/InovContacto/Paginas/AboutInovContacto.aspx at 27/10/2016.
- 21.
Programa Contact is on its 20th edition and since 1997 it was able to provide an international professional experience to 4742 young graduates in all fields. The majority of these young people was offered the possibility of having a professional career abroad. Programs like this, contrary to a regular self-expatriation experience, are regarded as very positive considering that they formally contribute to the increase of its attendee’s skills. As a matter of fact this program has been receiving national and international recognitions and and it was considered as good practice by OECD (in 2008) and by European Union (in 2010) in the context of contribution for the potential of cultural and creative Industries in particular that of the SME’s. n November 2013 it was invited by SFE—integrated in the initiative school to work—to be present in the European Union presidency in Vilnius, Lithuania as one of the 20 best practices initiatives ever co-financed by SFE in order to explain how it works and to be replicated in other European Union Countries. In 2015–2016, it has been selected to be one of the success programs supported by community funds promoted at local (country) level.
- 22.
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Costa e Silva, S., Kumpikaitė-Valiūnienė, V. (2019). A Portrait of the Current Portuguese Wave of Qualified Emigrants. In: Elo, M., Minto-Coy, I. (eds) Diaspora Networks in International Business. Contributions to Management Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91095-6_8
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