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Are We There Yet? Short-Course Regimens in TB and HIV: From Prevention to Treatment of Latent to XDR TB

  • Co-infections and Comorbidity (S Naggie, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Despite broad uptake of antiretroviral therapy (ART), tuberculosis (TB) incidence and mortality among people with HIV remain unacceptably high. Short-course regimens for TB, incorporating both novel and established drugs, offer the potential to enhance adherence and completion rates, thereby reducing the global TB burden. This review will outline short-course regimens for TB among patients with HIV.

Recent Findings

After many years without new agents, there is now active testing of many novel drugs to treat TB, both for latent infection and active disease. Though not all studies have included patients with HIV, many have, and there are ongoing trials to address key implementation challenges such as potent drug-drug interactions with ART.

Summary

The goal of short-course regimens for TB is to enhance treatment completion without compromising efficacy. Particularly among patients with HIV, studying these shortened regimens and integrating them into clinical care are of urgent importance. There are now multiple short-course regimens for latent infection and active disease that are safe and effective among patients with HIV.

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  1. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA

    Elisa H. Ignatius

  2. University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-8106, USA

    Susan Swindells

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Correspondence to Susan Swindells.

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Elisa Ignatius is supported by T32 GM066691-17. Susan Swindells reports research grants to her institution from ViiV Healthcare and the National Institutes of Health.

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This article references studies with human subjects performed by Susan Swindells. The studies were approved by the relevant Institutional Review Boards/Ethics Committees, and all subjects gave written informed consent.

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Ignatius, E.H., Swindells, S. Are We There Yet? Short-Course Regimens in TB and HIV: From Prevention to Treatment of Latent to XDR TB. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 17, 589–600 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-020-00529-8

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