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Lateglacial environmental change in Scotland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2017

Mike WALKER  and
John LOWE
Mike WALKER
Affiliation:
School of Archaeology, History and Anthropology, Trinity Saint David, University of Wales, Lampeter; Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Wales SY23 3DB, UK.
John LOWE
Affiliation:
Centre for Quaternary Research, Department of Geography, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK.
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Abstract

This paper reviews the evidence for environmental change during the Lateglacial period (c.14.7–11.7 ka), perhaps the most intensively studied episode in the Quaternary history of Scotland. It considers first the stratigraphic subdivision and nomenclature of the Lateglacial, before proceeding to a discussion of the various lines of proxy evidence that have been used to reconstruct the spatial and temporal patterns of environmental change during this time period. These include pollen and plant macrofossil data; coleopteran and chironomid records; diatom data; stable isotope and geochemical records; and evidence for human activity. The paper then considers the principal methods that have been employed to date and correlate Lateglacial events: radiocarbon dating; surface exposure dating; varve chronology; and tephrochronology. This is followed by an examination of the constraints imposed on environmental reconstructions, an account of the ways in which the evidence can be employed in the development of an event stratigraphy for the Lateglacial in Scotland, and a proposal for a provisional Lateglacial type sequence (stratotype) at Whitrig Bog in SE Scotland. Emphasis is placed throughout on the potential linkages between the Scottish records and the isotopic signal in the Greenland ice cores, which forms the stratigraphic template for the N Atlantic region. The paper concludes with a discussion of the strategies and approaches that should underpin future research programmes on Lateglacial environmental change in Scotland.

Keywords

Dating and correlationevent stratotype for ScotlandGreenland ice-core recordsLateglacial InterstadialLoch Lomond Stadial

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Type
Articles
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Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 110 , Issue 1-2: Advances in Scottish Quaternary Studies , March 2019 , pp. 173 - 198
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Copyright © The Royal Society of Edinburgh 2017 

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