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Multi-regulatory network of ROS: the interconnection of ROS, PGC-1 alpha, and AMPK-SIRT1 during exercise

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Abstract

Transcriptional factors are easily susceptible to any stimuli, including exercise. Exercise can significantly influence PGC-1 α and AMPK-SIRT1 pathway, as it is involved in the regulation of energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. Exercise is a major energy deprivation process by which many of transcription factors get tuned positively. However, how transcription factors help to boost the antioxidant defense system at cellular level is elusive. It is well known that physical exercise can induce reactive oxygen species, but how these reactive oxygen species can help to regulate multiple transcription factors during exercise is an important area to be discussed yet. This review mainly focuses on interconnecting role of PGC-1 α and AMPK-SIRT1 pathway during exercise and how these proteins are getting tuned by reactive oxygen species in exercise condition.

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Abbreviations

AMP:

Adenosine monophosphate

AMPK:

Adenosine monophosphate protein kinase

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

CAT:

Catalase

FoxO1:

Forkhead box protein O1

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

iNOS:

Inducible nitric oxide synthase

LKB1:

Liver kinase B1

MEF:

Myocyte enhancer factor

NRF-1:

Nuclear respiratory factor 1

NRF-2:

Nuclear respiratory factor 2

NAD+ :

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

NADH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase

Nampt:

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B

NoXs:

NADPH oxidases

OH:

Hydroxyl radicals

PGC-1 α:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha

ROS/RNS:

Reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species

SIRT1:

Sirtuin

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

TFAM:

Mitochondrial transcription factor A

UCP1:

Uncoupling protein 1

UCP2:

Uncoupling protein 2

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  1. Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Av. Universitária, 1105 Bairro Universitário, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, 88806-000, Brazil

    Anand Thirupathi & Claudio Teodoro de Souza

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  1. Anand Thirupathi
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Correspondence to Anand Thirupathi.

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Thirupathi, A., de Souza, C.T. Multi-regulatory network of ROS: the interconnection of ROS, PGC-1 alpha, and AMPK-SIRT1 during exercise. J Physiol Biochem 73, 487–494 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-017-0576-y

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