Abstract
In this chapter, we present a new model for optimal strategic and tactical planning of the bioenergy supply chain under uncertainty. We discuss specific challenges, characteristics and issues related to this type of model. The technological details, variability in supply and demand, and uncertainty in virtually all aspects of the supply chain require advanced modeling techniques. Our model provides a broad modeling approach that addresses the entire supply chain using an integrated perspective. The broad applicability of the approach is illustrated by the two cases discussed at the end of the chapter. The first case presents a forest to bioenergy supply chain in a region of the Norwegian west coast. The second case presents the miscanthus supply chain to a transformation plant in Burgundy, France and takes into consideration uncertain final demand.
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Notes
- 1.
Note that this transformation is different from another common many-to-one process, namely the assembly of parts into one product. There, all inputs are needed to make the output, typically with fixed proportions---something we have not encountered in any biomass chain that we have studied.
- 2.
If this was a problem, one could add additional product types for ‘drying wood' that would be forbidden to be taken out of the storage.
- 3.
In our case, the model becomes infeasible because in the low-demand scenarios, we are left with more unsold products than we have storage for. For this reason, we have added additional variables that allow ‘throwing away' products (with neither cost nor income). Obviously, these variables are all zero in the optimal stochastic solution.
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Acknowledgments
This work was partly funded under the EU seventh Framework Programme by the LogistEC project No. 550 311858: Logistics for Energy Crops’ Biomass. The views expressed in this work are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessary reflect the views of the European Commission. This work was partly funded by Regionalt forskningsfond Midt-Norge through the project ‘Fra skog til energi’ (ES 217558).
We are grateful to Philippe Béjot (Bourgogne Pellets Cooperative) who kindly provided details on the miscanthus case.
Maps and distance matrices were created using data from OpenStreetMap, © OpenStreetMap contributors.
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Kaut, M., Egging, R., Flatberg, T., Uggen, K.T. (2015). BLOMST—An Optimization Model for the Bioenergy Supply Chain. In: Eksioglu, S., Rebennack, S., Pardalos, P. (eds) Handbook of Bioenergy. Energy Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20092-7_2
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