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Les 10es Entretiens de nutrition, institut Pasteur de Lille L’obésité, une maladie nutritionnelle ?

La flore intestinale: un outsider imprévu

Gut microflora: an unexpected outsider

  • Dossier Thématique / Thematic File
  • Published:
Obésité

Résumé

La récente mise en évidence d’une différence probante entre la composition de la flore intestinale d’individus obèses et celle des individus minces a généré le concept d’une implication des bactéries de la flore commensale dans la gestion du métabolisme énergétique. Quel dialogue métabolique s’établit entre les bactéries intestinales et l’organisme hôte ? Peut-on attribuer un rôle « néfaste » à certaines bactéries et « bénéfique » à d’autres bactéries ? Comment l’alimentation et le comportement sont-ils capables d’influencer la composition et l’activité de la flore bactérienne ? Avec quelles conséquences sur le décours de l’obésité et du syndrome métabolique ? Ces questions sont abordées, sous un angle mécanistique basé sur des données expérimentales obtenues chez l’animal, mais sont également étayées d’études observationnelles ou d’intervention menées chez des individus obèses et/ou atteints d’un syndrome métabolique.

Abstract

The recent discovery of a significant difference between the composition of the gut microflora present in the obese individual and that present in slimmer individuals, has led to the idea that bacteria in commensal flora may be involved in energy metabolism management. What is the metabolic dialogue between intestinal bacteria and the host organism? Are some bacteria “harmful” whilst others are “beneficial”? How can diet and behaviour affect the composition and activity of bacteriological flora? What effect might this have on the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome? These questions are considered from a mechanistic point of view as well as being backed up by observational and therapeutic studies carried out on subjects presenting obesity and/or metabolic syndrome.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unité de pharmacocinétique, métabolisme, nutrition et toxicologie (PMNT-7369), université catholique de Louvain, 73/69, avenue E.-Mounier, B-1200, Bruxelles, Belgique

    N. -M. Delzenne & P. -D. Cani

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  1. N. -M. Delzenne
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  2. P. -D. Cani
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Correspondence to N. -M. Delzenne.

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Ce texte correspond à une conférence faite par l’auteur, il n’a donc pas été soumis à l’appréciation du comité de rédaction.

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Delzenne, N.M., Cani, P.D. Les 10es Entretiens de nutrition, institut Pasteur de Lille L’obésité, une maladie nutritionnelle ?. Obes 3, 141–145 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11690-008-0136-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11690-008-0136-2

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