Skip to main content
Log in

Generic theory of active polar gels: a paradigm for cytoskeletal dynamics

  • Regular Articles
  • Published:
The European Physical Journal E Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract.

We develop a general theory for active viscoelastic materials made of polar filaments. This theory is motivated by the dynamics of the cytoskeleton. The continuous consumption of a fuel leads to a non equilibrium state characterized by the generation of flows and stresses. Our theory can be applied to experiments in which cytoskeletal patterns are set in motion by active processes such as those which are at work in cells.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • B. Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 4th edn. (Garland, New York, 2002)

  • D. Bray, Cell Movements, 2nd edn. (Garland, New York, 2001)

  • J. Howard, Mechanics of Motor Proteins and the Cytoskeleton (Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, 2001)

  • Structure and dynamics of membranes – from cells to vesicles, Vol. 1 of Handbook of biological physics, edited by R. Lipowsky, E. Sackmann (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1995)

  • J.-B. Manneville, P. Bassereau, S. Ramaswamy, J. Prost, Phys. Rev. E 64, 021908 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D.A. Head, A.J. Levine, F.C. MacKintosh, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 108102 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Wilhelm, E. Frey, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 108103 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • K. Takiguchi J. Biochem. 109, 520 (1991)

  • F.J. Nédélec et al., Nature 389, 305 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  • T. Surrey et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 4293 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  • F.J. Nédélec, T. Surrey, A.C. Maggs, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3192 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • T. Surrey et al., Science 292, 1167 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • K. Sekimoto, H. Nakazawa, in Current topics in physics, edited by Y.M. Choe, J.B. Hong, C.N. Chang (World Scientific, Singapore 1998), p. 394, physics/0004044

  • K. Kruse, F. Jülicher, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1778 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  • K. Kruse, S. Camalet, F. Jülicher, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 138101 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • K. Kruse, F. Jülicher, Phys. Rev. E 67, 051913 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • K. Kruse, A. Zumdieck, F. Jülicher, Europhys. Lett. 64, 716 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • H.Y. Lee, M. Kardar, Phys. Rev. E 64, 056113 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Kim et al., J. Korean, Phys. Soc. 42, 162 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • T.B. Liverpool, M.C. Marchetti, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 138102 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Sankararaman, G.I. Menon, P.B.S. Kumar, Phys. Rev. E 70, 031905 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • P.C. Martin, O. Parodi, P. Pershan, Phys. Rev. A 6, 2401 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • P.G. DeGennes, Scaling concepts in polymer physics (Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 1985)

  • K. Sekimoto, J. Phys. II France 1, 19 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  • R.A. Simha, S. Ramaswamy, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 058101 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. Hatwalne, S. Ramaswamy, M. Rao, R.A. Simha, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 118101 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • K. Kruse, J.F. Joanny, F. Jülicher, J. Prost, K. Sekimoto, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 078101 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • P.G. De Gennes, J. Prost, The Physics of Liquid Crystals (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1993)

  • R.B. Bird et al., Dynamics of Polymeric Liquids, 2nd edn. (Wiley, New York, 1987)

  • R. Larson, Constitutive Equations for Polymer Melts and Solutions (Butterworth-Heinemann, 1998)

  • M.G. Vicker, Exp. Cell Res. 54, 275 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • T. Bretschneider et al., Curr. Biol. 14, 1 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Giannone et al., Cell 116, 431 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Ramaswamy, J. Toner, J. Prost, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3494 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  • Handbook of Mathematical Functions, edited by M. Abramowitz, I.A. Stegun (Dover, 1972)

  • J. Prost, in Physics of bio-molecules and cells, edited by H. Flyvbjerg, F. Jülicher, P. Ormos, F. David (EDP Sciences, Les Ulis, 2001), pp. 215–236

  • B. Fabry, G.N. Maksym, J.P. Butler, M. Glogauer, D. Navajas, J. Fredberg, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 148102 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • F. Jülicher, A. Ajdari, J. Prost, Rev. Mod. Phys. 69, 1269 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J.F. Joanny, F. Jülicher, J. Prost, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 168102 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Verkhovsky, T. Svitkina, G. Borisy, Current Biology 9, 11 (1998); A.B. Verkhovsky, T.M. Svitkina, G.G. Borisy, Curr. Biol 9, 11 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to F. Jülicher.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kruse, K., Joanny, J., Jülicher, F. et al. Generic theory of active polar gels: a paradigm for cytoskeletal dynamics. Eur. Phys. J. E 16, 5–16 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/e2005-00002-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/e2005-00002-5

Keywords

Navigation