Abstract
Cherry trees are one of Chile’s most important specialty crop activities. Its commercial orchards have an extensive spatial distribution between the 31° S and 48° S, spreading from semiarid to tundra climates, but the trees appear primarily in the Mediterranean climate. Different extreme weather events, such as frosts, precipitation, and high temperatures, affect this crop at different phenological stages, especially in bloom, ripening, and floral differentiation. Based on a high-resolution climatic-gridded dataset of daily temperature and precipitation data, we defined an integrated risk index (RI) representing the frequency of occurrence of the events throughout the plant development period and considering each type of risk affecting each concrete phenological stage. High RI values indicate high climatic risk. The RI follows a meridional pattern influenced by elevation, with higher values in the highest elevations between 36° S and 40° S, sensitive to the simultaneous occurrence of frosts and precipitation events. The northern coast exhibited the lowest risk values, while a general gradient from low values in coastal areas to higher ones in inland elevated zones revealed an altitudinal pattern. Low-risk areas have a sparse distribution of crops, which can be explained by several factors restricting cherry cultivation such as soil limitations, high slopes, lack of productive support infrastructure, and competition with other profitable forestry and agricultural activities in the north and forest production in the south. These results will help to improve climate impact assessments for production systems, which can be conducted by following an easy-to-understand tool.
Similar content being viewed by others
Availability of data and materials
None.
Code availability
None.
References
AGRIMED (2015) Evapotranspiración de referencia para la determinación de las demandas de riego en Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago
AGRIMED (2017) Atlas agroclimático de Chile. Estado actual y tendencias del clima. Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Chile
Arenas-Castro S, Gonçalves JF, Moreno M, Villar R (2020) Projected climate changes are expected to decrease the suitability and production of olive varieties in southern Spain. Sci Total Environ 709:136161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136161
Arribillaga D, Hidalgo D (2013) Boletín N° 265. Manejo de Pre y Post cosecha del cultivo del cerezo (Prunus avium L.) en Chile Chico, Región de Aysén. Junio 2013. Coyhaique, Chile
Basualdo A (2015) Manual de buenas prácticas para la generación, el almacenamiento y la difusión de información climática en instituciones y organismos del MERCOSUR (No. IICA P40). IICA, San José, Costa Rica
Ben-Ari T, Adrian J, Klein T, Calanca P, Van der Velde M, Makowski D (2016) Identifying indicators for extreme wheat and maize yield losses. Agr for Meteorol 220:130–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.01.009
Beppu K, Kataoka I (2000) Artificial shading reduces the occurrence of double pistils in `Satohnishiki’ sweet cherry. Sci Hortic Amst 83:241–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4238(99)00114-4
Beppu K, Kataoka I (2011) Studies on pistil doubling and fruit set of sweet cherry in warm climate. J Jpn Soc Hortic Sci 80(1):1–13. https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs1.80.1
Blanco V, Martínez-Hernández GB, Artés-Hernández F, Blaya-Rosa PJ, Torres-Sánchez R, Domingo R (2019a) Water relations and quality changes throughout fruit development and shelf life of sweet cherry grown under regulated deficit irrigation. Agr Water Manag 217:243–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.02.028
Blanco V, Zoffoli JP, Ayala M (2019b) High tunnel cultivation of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.): physiological and production variables. Sci Hortic Amst 251:108–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.02.023
Blanco V, Blaya-Ros P, Torres-Sánchez R, Domingo R (2020) Influence of regulated deficit irrigation and environmental conditions on reproductive response of sweet cherry trees. Plants Basel 9:94. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9010094
Blando F, Oomah BD (2019) Sweet and sour cherries: origin, distribution, nutritional composition and health benefits. Trends Food Sci Technol 86:517–529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.02.052
Bonfante A, Monaco E, Langella G, Mercogliano P, Bucchignani E, Manna P, Terribile F (2018) A dynamic viticultural zoning to explore the resilience of terroir concept under climate change. Sci Total Environ 624:294–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.035
Bulgakov DS, Rukhovich DI, Shishkonakova EA, Vil’chevskaya EV, (2016) Separation of agroclimatic areas for optimal crop growing within the framework of the natural–agricultural zoning of Russia. Eurasian Soil Sci 49(9):1049–1060. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229316070036
Caldana NFS, Nitsche PR, Martelócio AC, Rudke AP, Zaro GC, Batista Ferreira LG, Contador Zaccheo PV, Colucci de Carvalho SL, Martins JA (2019) Agroclimatic Risk Zoning of Avocado (Persea americana) in the Hydrographic Basin of Paraná River III, Brazil. Agric Basel 9(12):263. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9120263
Chmielewski FM, Götz KP, Weber KC, Moryson S (2018) Climate change and spring frost damages for sweet cherries in Germany. Int J Biometeorol 62(2):217–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-017-1443-9
CIREN (1989) Requerimientos de clima y suelo: frutales de hoja caduca. Publicaciones IREN-CIREN, Chile
CIREN (2013) Antecedentes técnicos y económicos para la producción de Cerezo en la Región del Maule. Oficina de Estudios y Políticas Agrarias, Ministerio de Agricultura, Gobierno de Chile, Chile
CIREN (2018) Catastro frutícola, Región de Coquimbo. Oficina de Estudios y Políticas Agrarias, Ministerio de Agricultura, Gobierno de Chile, Chile
CIREN (2019) Catastro frutícola, Región del Maule. Oficina de Estudios y Políticas Agrarias, Ministerio de Agricultura, Gobierno de Chile, Chile
CIREN (2020) Catástro fruticola. https://icet.odepa.gob.cl/ (Accessed 16 May 2021)
Cittadini ED, de Ridder N, Peri PL, van Keulen H (2006) A method for assessing frost damage risk in sweet cherry orchards of South Patagonia. Agr Forest Meteorol 141(2–4):235–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.10.011
Cittadini ED, Sanz CE, Pugh AB, Peri PL, Szlápelis E, Cárcamo MA, Kikuchi N, Manavella F, San Martino L, Ñancucheo JA, Muñoz M, de Ridder N, van Keulen H, Mundet CA (2008) Sweet cherry production in south Patagonia Argentina. Acta Hortic 795:585–590. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.795.92
Dalezios NR, Mitrakopoulos K, Manos B (2018) Multi-scaling agroclimatic classification for decision support towards sustainable production. In: Berbel J, Bournaris T, Manos B, Matsatsinis N, Viaggi D (eds) Multicriteria analysis in agriculture. Springer, Cham, pp 1–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76929-5_1
De la Casa A, Ovando GG, Díaz GJ (2021a) ENSO influence on corn and soybean yields as a base of an early warning system for agriculture in Córdoba. Argentina Eur J Agron 129:126340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2021.126340
De la Casa A, Ovando GG, Díaz GJ (2021b) Linking data of ENSO, NDVI-MODIS and crops yield as a base of an early warning system for agriculture in Córdoba, Argentina. Remote Sens Appl: Soc Environ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2021.100480
De Melo-Abreu JP, Villalobos FJ, Mateos L (2016) Frost protection. In: Villalobos F, Fereres E (eds) Principles of agronomy for sustainable agriculture. Springer, Cham, pp 443–457. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46116-8_29
Du X, Li Q, Wang H, Liu J, Zhao L, Zhang H, Wang N (2019) A simple assessment approach for winter wheat loss risk impacted by water stress. Geocarto Int 34(5):473–489. https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2017.1408702
FAO (2006) Evapotranspiración del cultivo. Guías para la determinación de los requerimientos de agua de los cultivos. Bolletin FAO 56, Roma
FAOSTAT (2019) FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Data. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. http://www.fao.org/faostat/ (Accessed May 24, 2021).
Fernandez E, Whitney C, Luedeling E (2020) The importance of chill model selection—a multi-site analysis. Eur J Agron 119:126103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2020.126103
FIA (2008a) Resultados y lecciones en cultivo de cerezos en Aysén: Proyectos de innovación en XI Región de Aysén: frutales/frutales de carozo. Fundación para la Innovación Agraria, Ministerio de Agricultura, Gobierno de Chile, Chile.
FIA (2008b) Resultados y lecciones en cultivo de cerezos en Malleco, Proyectos de innovación en Secano interior, IX Región de la Araucanía. Fundación para la Innovación Agraria, Ministerio de Agricultura, Gobierno de Chile, Chile
Gaál M, Mézes Z, Szabó Z, Szenteleki K (2020) Evaluation of the expected climatic conditions regarding cherry production in central Hungary. Appl Ecol Environ Res 9(3):265–277. https://doi.org/10.1566/aeer/0903_265277
Garreaud RD, Boisier JP, Rondanelli R, Montecinos A, Sepúlveda HH, Veloso-Aguila D (2020) The Central Chile Mega Drought (2010–2018): a climate dynamics perspective. Int J Climatol 40:421–439. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6219
Gelcer E, Fraisse CW, Zotarelli L, Stevens FR, Perondi D, Barreto DD, Malia HA, Ecole CC, Montone V, Southworth J (2018) Influence of El Niño-Southern oscillation (ENSO) on agroclimatic zoning for tomato in Mozambique. Agr for Meteorol 248:316–328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.10.002
Gonçalves B, Aires B, Oliveira I, Afonso S, Morais MC, Correia S, Martins S, Silva AP (2021) Sweet Cherry. In: Mandal D, Wermund U, Phavaphutanon L, Cronje R (eds) Temperate fruits: production, processing, and marketing. Apple Academic Press, New York, pp 333–394. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003045861
Gouot JC, Smith JP, Holzapfel BP, Barril C (2019) Impact of short temperature exposure of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Shiraz grapevine bunches on berry development, primary metabolism and tannin accumulation. Environ Exp Bot 168:103866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103866
Haigh T, Takle E, Andressen J, Widhalm M, Carlton JS, Angel J (2015) Mapping the decision points and climate information use of agricultural producers across the U.S. Corn Belt Clim Risk Manag 7:20–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2015.01.004
Haque S, Akbar D, Kinnear S (2020) The variable impacts of extreme weather events on fruit production in subtropical Australia. Sci Hortic Amst 262:109050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.109050
Hatfield JL, Dold C (2017) Climate variability effects on agriculture land use and soil services. In: Al-Kaisi MM, Lowery B (eds) Soil health and intensification of agroecosytems. Academic Press, London, pp 25–50
Hazir MHM, Kadir RA, Gloor E, Galbraith D (2020) Effect of agroclimatic variability on land suitability for cultivating rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and growth performance assessment in the tropical rainforest climate of Peninsular Malaysia. Clim Risk Manag 27:100203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2019.100203
Holzkämper A, Calanca P, Fuhrer J (2013) Identifying climatic limitations to grain maize yield potentials using a suitability evaluation approach. Agr Forest Meteorol 168:149–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.09.004
Imrak B, Sarier A, Küden A, Kuden AB, Comlekcioglu S, Tutuncu M (2014) Studies on shading system in sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) to prevent double fruit formation under subtropical climatic conditions. Acta Hortic 1059:171–176. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2014.1059.21
Jithitikulchai T (2018) Influence of decadal climate variability on growing degree day, precipitation, and drought in crop-growing seasons. Clim Basel 6:43. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli6020043
Kabir MS, Parry BE, Tyson JL, Beresford RM (2019) Understanding flower-bud rot development caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae in green-fleshed kiwifruit. N Z Plant Protect SE 72:83–88. https://doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2019.72.252
Kafle GK, Khot LR, Zhou J, Bahlol HY, Si Y (2016) Towards precision spray applications to prevent rain-induced sweet cherry cracking: understanding calcium washout due to rain and fruit cracking susceptibility. Sci Hortic Amst 203:152–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.03.027
Kichamu E, Ziro J, Palaniappan G, Ross H (2018) Climate change perceptions and adaptations of smallholder farmers in Eastern Kenya. Environ Dev Sustain 20(6):2663–2680. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-017-0010-1
Klein T, Samourkasidis A, Athanasiadis IN, Bellocchi G, Calanca P (2017) webXTREME: R-based web tool for calculating agroclimatic indices of extreme events. Comput Electron Agr 136:111–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2017.03.002
Kurlus R, Małarzewski Ł, Niedźwiedź T (2013) Temperature characteristics and spring frost risk in the sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) Blooming Period in 1985–2010. Bull Geogr Phys Geogr Ser 6:99–115. https://doi.org/10.2478/bgeo-2013-0006
Latorre B, Jones A (1979) Evaluation of weeds and plant refuse as potential sources of inoculum of Pseudomonas syringae in bacterial canker of cherry. Phytopathology 69(10):1122–1125. https://doi.org/10.1094/phyto-69-1122
Leolini L, Moriondo M, Fila G, Costafreda-Aumedes S, Ferrise R, Bindi M (2018) Late spring frost impacts on future grapevine distribution in Europe. Field Crops Res 222:197–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2017.11.018
Luzio W, Casanova M, Seguel O (2010) Suelos de Chile. Departamento de Ingeniería y Suelos, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Chile
Ma Q, Huang JG, Hänninen H, Berninger F (2018) Reduced geographical variability in spring phenology of temperate trees with recent warming. Agr for Meteorol 256–257:526–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.04.012
Mditshwa A, Magwaza LS, Tesfay SZ (2019) Shade netting on subtropical fruit: effect on environmental conditions, tree physiology and fruit quality. Sci Hortic Amst 256:108556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108556
Meseguer-Ruiz O, Corvacho O, Tapia Tosetti A, López-Cepeda JF, Sarricolea P (2019) Analysis of the trends in observed extreme temperatures in mainland Chile between 1966 and 2015 using different indices. Pure Appl Geophys 176:5141–5160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-019-02234-z
Miranda C, Urrestarazu J, Santesteban LG (2021) Fruclimadapt: an R package for climate adaptation assessment of temperate fruit species. Comput Electron Agr 180:105879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105879
Moeletsi ME, Tongwane MI (2017) Spatiotemporal variation of frost within growing periods. Adv Meteorol 2017:5472869. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5472869
Moeletsi ME, Walker S (2012) A simple agroclimatic index to delineate suitable growing areas for rainfed maize production in the Free State Province of South Africa. Agr Forest Meteorol 162:63–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.04.009
Moeletsi ME, Moopisa SG, Walker S, Tsubo M (2013) Development of an agroclimatological risk tool for dryland maize production in the Free State Province of South Africa. Comput Electron Agr 95:108–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2013.04.006
Montecinos A, Kurgansky MV, Muñoz C, Takahashi K (2011) Non-ENSO interannual rainfall variability in central Chile during austral winter. Theor Appl Climatol 106(3):557–568. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-011-0457-1
Montiel-González C, Montiel C, Ortega A, Pacheco A, Bautista F (2021) Development and validation of climatic hazard indicators for roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) crop in dryland agriculture. Ecol Indic 121:107140–107141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107140
Moral FJ, Rebollo FJ, Paniagua LL, García A (2014) Climatic spatial variability in Extremadura (Spain) based on viticultural bioclimatic indices. Int J Biometeorol 58(10):2139–2152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-014-0814-8
Moral FJ, Rebollo FJ, Paniagua LL, García A, de Salazar EM (2016) Application of climatic indices to analyse viticultural suitability in Extremadura, south-western Spain. Theor Appl Climatol 123(1–2):277–289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-014-1363-0
ODEPA (2019) Panorama de la Agricultura Chilena 2019.
Pérez FJ, Ormeno NJ, Reynaert B, Rubio S (2008) Use of the dynamic model for the assessment of winter chilling in a temperate and a subtropical climatic zone of Chile. Chil J Agr Res 68(2):198–206. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392008000200010
Peri PL, Bloomberg M (2002) Windbreaks in southern Patagonia, Argentina: a review of research on growth models, windspeed reduction, and effects on crops. Agroforest Syst 56(2):129–144. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021314927209
Petri JL, Leite GB (2003) Consequences of insufficient winter chilling on apple tree bud-break. In: VII international symposium on temperate zone fruits in the tropics and subtropics, vol 662, pp 53–60. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2004.662.4
Pietrarelli L, Balestra GM, Varvaro L (2006) Effects of simulated rain on pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato populations on tomato plants. J Plant Pathol 88:245–251
Piticar A (2018) Changes in heat waves in Chile. Glob Planet Chang 169:234–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2018.08.007
Pliscoff P, Luebert F, Hilger HH, Guisan A. (2014). Effects of alternative sets of climatic predictors on species distribution models and associated estimates of extinction risk: A test with plants in an arid environment. Ecol Model 288:166–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.06.003
Prado JA (2015) Plantaciones forestales Más Allá de los Árboles. Colegio de Ingenieros Forestales, Chile
Pullens JWM, Sharif B, Trnka M, Balek J, Semenov MA, Olesen JE (2019) Risk factors for European winter oilseed rape production under climate change. Agr Forest Meteorol 272:30–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.03.023
Rasmussen SB, Blenkinsop S, Burton A, Abrahamsen P, Holm PE, Hansen S (2018) Climate change impacts on agro-climatic indices derived from downscaled weather generator scenarios for eastern Denmark. Eur J Agron 101:222–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2018.04.004
Ray DK, Gerber JS, MacDonald GK, West PC (2015) Climate variation explains a third of global crop yield variability. Nat Commun 6(1):1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6989
Ren HL, Zheng F, Luo JJ, Wang R, Liu M, Zhang W, Zhou T, Zhou G (2020) A review of research on tropical air-sea interaction, ENSO dynamics, and ENSO prediction in China. J Meteorol Res-Prc 34(1):43–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-020-9155-1
Resende RT, Kuki KN, Corrêa TR, Zaidan ÚR, Mota PHS, Telles LAA, Gonzales D, Motoike S, Resende M, Lite H, Lorenzon AS (2020) Data-based agroecological zoning of Acrocomia aculeata: GIS modeling and ecophysiological aspects into a Brazilian representative occurrence area. Ind Crop Prod 154:112749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112749
Rodríguez A, Pérez-López D, Centeno A, Ruiz-Ramos M (2021) Viability of temperate fruit tree varieties in Spain under climate change according to chilling accumulation. Agric Syst 186:102961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102961
Rojas G, Fernandez E, Whitney C, Luedeling E, Cuneo IF (2021) Adapting sweet cherry orchards to extreme weather events—decision analysis in support of farmers’ investments in Central Chile. Agric Syst 187:103031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2020.103031
Rötter RP, Appiah M, Fichtler E, Kersebaum KC, Trnka M, Hoffmann MP (2018) Linking modelling and experimentation to better capture crop impacts of agroclimatic extremes—a review. Field Crop Res 221:142–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2018.02.023
Roversi A, Monteforte A, Panelli D, Folini L, Fajt N (2008) Observations on the occurrence of sweet cherry double-fruits in Italy and Slovenia. Acta Hortic 795:849–854. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.795.137
Salazar-Gutierrez MR, Chaves-Cordoba B (2020) Modeling approach for cold hardiness estimation on cherries. Agr Forest Meteorol 287:107946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.107946
Sánchez Y, Martínez-Graña AM, Santos-Francés F, Yenes M (2019) Index for the calculation of future wine areas according to climate change application to the protected designation of origin “Sierra de Salamanca” (Spain). Ecol Indic 107:105646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105646
Sarricolea P, Herrera M, Meseguer-Ruiz O (2017) Climatic regionalisation of continental Chile. J Maps 13:66–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2016.1259592
Sarricolea P, Meseguer-Ruiz O, Serrano-Notivoli R, Soto MV, Martin-Vide J (2019) Trends of daily precipitation concentration in Central-Southern Chile. Atmos Res 215:85–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.09.005
Sekse L (1995) Fruit cracking in sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.). Some physiological aspects—a mini review. Sci Hortic Amst 63(34):135–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(95)00806-5
Soares-Colletti AR, Alvares CA, Sentelhas PC (2016) An agro-climatic approach to determine citrus postbloom fruit drop risk in Southern Brazil. Int J Biometeorol 60(6):891–905. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-015-1083-x
Suran P, Vavra R, Jonas M, Zeleny L, Skrivanova A (2019) Effect of rain protective covering of sweet cherry orchard on fruit quality and cracking. Acta Hortic 1235:189–196. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1235.25
Tang Y, Zhang RH, Liu T, Duan W, Yang D, Zheng F, Ren H, Lian T, Gao C, Chen D, Mu M (2018) Progress in ENSO prediction and predictability study. Natl Sci Rev 5(6):826–839. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwy105
Tercan E, Dereli MA (2020) Development of a land suitability model for citrus cultivation using GIS and multi-criteria assessment techniques in Antalya province of Turkey. Ecol Indic 117:106549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106549
Thomidis T, Exadaktylou E (2013) Effect of a plastic rain shield on fruit cracking and cherry diseases in Greek orchards. Crop Prot 52:125–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2013.05.022
Trnka M, Rötter RP, Ruiz-Ramos M, Kersebaum KC, Olesen JE, Žalud Z, Semenov MA (2014) Adverse weather conditions for European wheat production will become more frequent with climate change. Nat Clim Chang 4(7):637–643. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2242
Tudela V, Santibáñez F (2016) Modelling impact of freezing temperatures on reproductive organs of deciduous fruit trees. Agr for Meteorol 226–227:28–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.05.002
Vianna LFDN, Massignan AM, Pandolfo C, Dortzbach D (2019) Evaluating environmental factors, geographic scale and methods for viticultural zoning in the high-altitude region of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Rem Sens Appl Soc Environ 13:158–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2018.10.018
Viti R, Andreini L, Ruiz D, Egea J, Bartolini S, Iacona C, Campoy JA (2010) Effect of climatic conditions on the overcoming of dormancy in apricot flower buds in two Mediterranean areas: Murcia (Spain) and Tuscany (Italy). Sci Hortic Amsterdam 124(2):217–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.01.001
Wallberg BN, Sagredo KX (2012) Vegetative and reproductive development of Lapins sweet cherry trees under rain protective covering. In: X international symposium on integrating canopy, rootstock and environmental physiology in orchard systems 1058, pp 411–417
Wright WJ (2005) Significance of training, education and communication for awareness of potential hazards in managing natural disaster in Australia. In: Sivakumar MVK, Motha RP, Das HP (eds) Natural disasters and extreme events in agriculture. Springer, Berlin, pp 219–239. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-28307-2_13
Xu X, Gao P, Zhu X, Guo W, Ding J, Li C, Zhu M, Wu X (2019) Design of an integrated climatic assessment indicator (ICAI) for wheat production: a case study in Jiangsu Province, China. Ecol Indic 101:943–953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.01.059
Ye Q, Yang X, Dai S, Chen G, Li Y, Zhang C (2015) Effects of climate change on suitable rice cropping areas, cropping systems and crop water requirements in southern China. Agr Water Manag 159:35–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2015.05.022
Zhang Q, Wang K, Zhang X (2010) Study on the assessment approach for crop loss risk. Agric Agric Sci Proc 1:219–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2010.09.027
Zupan A, Mikulic-Petkovsek M, Slatnar A, Stampar F, Veberic R (2014) Individual phenolic response and peroxidase activity in peel of differently sun-exposed apples in the period favorable for sunburn occurrence. J Plant Physiol 171(18):1706–1712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2014.08.010
Funding
Not applicable.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
None.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Tudela, V., Sarricolea, P., Serrano-Notivoli, R. et al. A pilot study for climate risk assessment in agriculture: a climate-based index for cherry trees. Nat Hazards 115, 163–185 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-022-05549-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-022-05549-8