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Isolation of Quercetin and Avicularin from Dennettia tripetala (G. Baker) Seeds, and Evaluation of the Oxidative Stress Management Capacity and Cytotoxic Activities of Its Acetone Extract and Fractions

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Abstract

Analysis of the phytochemical content of the acetone extract of Dennettia tripetala G. Baker seeds, DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA) and oxidative burst assay of the extract and its fractions led to the isolation of quercetin and avicularin. Structural elucidation of these compounds was performed using NMR, ES1-MS and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. Phytochemicals including volatile oils, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, phenols, tannins and flavonoids were revealed. Phenols (111.45 ± 0.45 mgGAE/g) and flavonoids (44.11 ± 0.39 mgQE/g) were high, while tannins (3.80 ± 0.69 mgTAE/g) and alkaloids (3.76 ± 1.22%) were in low concentrations. Potent DPPH-RSA was observed for the extract (98.2 ± 0.12%) which was expressed in its DCM (80.32 ± 0.73%) and ethylacetate fractions (96.3 ± 2.57%); isolates were obtained from the latter. No suppression of phagocytic oxidative burst was observed for the extract; however, moderate activities in comparison with the standard (73.27 ± 0.28%) were obtained for the DCM (36.73 ± 0.19%) and ethylacetate (35.72 ± 0.62%) fractions. Cytotoxic evaluation on brine shrimp revealed moderate toxicity for the extract (LC50 = 296.09) expressed in its hexane (LC50 = 258.81) and residual aqueous (LC50 = 431.10) fractions. However, no toxicity was recorded for the extract and fractions on 3T3 cells at 30 µg/mL, except for the DCM fraction which exhibited a mild toxicity (IC50 = 17.19 ± 1.8); Also, no toxicity was observed for the extract and fractions on HeLa cells at similar concentration. Since the extract makes up a very small percentage of the seeds, there exist a huge margin of safety in the application of the seeds in nutrition and in the management of oxidative stress-related diseases.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their sincere gratitude to The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) and International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan for a Postgraduate Fellowship Award to Ugheighele Samuel Edosewele. The contribution of Nezhun Gören, retired professor from the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yildaz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey, is greatly appreciated.

Funding

This research was supported by The World Academy of Sciences (Grant 3240299168).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin-City, 300001, Nigeria

    Samuel E. Ugheighele

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Benin, Benin-City, 300001, Nigeria

    Samuel E. Ugheighele & Kate E. Imafidon

  3. H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan

    Samuel E. Ugheighele, Muhammad I. Choudhary, Ahmed Shakil & Emeka E. Okoro

  4. Dr. Panjuani Centre for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan

    Samuel E. Ugheighele, Muhammad I. Choudhary & Emeka E. Okoro

  5. Biology Department, Adventist University of West Africa, Monrovia, Liberia

    Emeka E. Okoro

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Correspondence to Samuel E. Ugheighele.

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Ugheighele, S.E., Imafidon, K.E., Choudhary, M.I. et al. Isolation of Quercetin and Avicularin from Dennettia tripetala (G. Baker) Seeds, and Evaluation of the Oxidative Stress Management Capacity and Cytotoxic Activities of Its Acetone Extract and Fractions. Chemistry Africa 5, 1275–1285 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250-022-00413-5

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