Abstract
Many rapidly urbanising areas in the Global South are experiencing transitions in sanitation with varying sustainability outcomes. In this chapter, we draw attention to the convergence of urban planning and sanitation paradigms, focusing on China’s biggest city, Shanghai. We show how changes in architectural and urban morphology are linked with changes in urban sanitation infrastructure. We draw on fieldwork in two older and under-serviced neighbourhoods in Shanghai that have been subject to different sanitation transformation interventions as part of larger urban redevelopment projects. We find that interventions transformed sanitation services within these neighbourhoods through different approaches to meet some of the sustainability criteria for sanitation. We highlight the role of local governance in the implementation of local sanitation transformations and argue that urban fragmentation and the co-existence of different types of sanitation infrastructure require a shift away from “one-size-fits-all” approaches. Instead, we call for the consideration of urban morphology, architecture, and sociocultural specificities in order to identify tailored sanitation solutions at the neighbourhood scale.
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Notes
- 1.
The WHO and UNICEF’s Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for water supply, sanitation, and hygiene suggests three main ways to meet the criteria for safely managed sanitation at the local level: (1) use of individual improved sanitation that hygienically separates excreta from human contact; (2) safe treatment or disposal in situ; or (3) temporary storage followed by transportation (manually or through a piped sewer system) for treatment off-site (WHO/UNICEF 2017).
- 2.
In the context of sanitation, sustainability reflects the ability of sanitation systems to function safely in the long term, to be accepted by users and to have minimal negative social, economic, and environmental impacts (Davis et al. 2019a).
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Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the support of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) and the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) for the project SASSI (A Systems Approach to Sustainable Sanitation Challenges in Urbanising China) under the Towards a Sustainable Earth (TaSE) programme.
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Ren, Y., Iossifova, D., Gasparatos, A. (2022). One Size Does Not Fit All: Sanitation Solutions in Shanghai’s Older and Under-Serviced Inner-City Neighbourhoods. In: Iossifova, D., Gasparatos, A., Zavos, S., Gamal, Y., Long, Y. (eds) Urban Infrastructuring. Sustainable Development Goals Series. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8352-7_12
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