The Black Sea Basin’s Meteo-Climatic Characterization

Abstract

In the Black Sea coast area, the annual average temperature is between 10 and 15.2 °C and the maximum temperatures generally vary within limits −40 to + 40°C. In the Black Sea basin, the annual average pressure is approximately 1016–1018 Mb, having extreme values in July–August (i.e., 1011–1014 mb), and in January (1018–1025 mb). The pressure distribution at a given moment in the Black Sea area differs very much from the average pressure distribution for that period. There are 14 types of baric fields more frequently acting on the Black Sea, out of which the most important for the winds’ formation over the Black Sea being as follows: the weak gradient, the weak wind (2 m/s), the cyclone in the eastern sea part, the southern edge of the cyclone, the cyclone northern edge, the eastern edge of the cyclone, the eastern edge of the anticyclone, and the southern part of the anticyclone.