日本建築学会計画系論文集
Online ISSN : 1881-8161
Print ISSN : 1340-4210
ISSN-L : 1340-4210
ある地方都市の日常生活圏域単位でみた高齢者施設の選択の実態
西野 辰哉
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ジャーナル フリー

2017 年 82 巻 738 号 p. 1915-1923

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 1. Objective
 This study was aimed at regulating an approximate formulation of the selection rates of facilities for the elderly based on the actual choices of facilities in accordance with ‘daily living areas’, which is defined as care service providing districts by local government, in a particular municipality.

 2. Methods
 A case study was conducted for the usage situation of 9 community-based multi-care facilities, 12 group living facilities (group homes) for the elderly with dementia, and 8 intensive-care homes for the elderly (nursing homes) in Municipality K, Ishikawa Prefecture. For this purpose, all information regarding current address and address before admittance to the facilities of all users of the above three kinds of facilities was obtained from Municipality K(as of April 1, 2013). The information was mapped using GIS to measure and analyze the incidence of users of services in each area and users of facilities within and outside the areas for the different ‘daily living areas’, according to the type of facility.

 3. Results and Discussion
 The following observations and conclusions were made:
 - The overall average rates for the selection of facilities within the ‘daily living areas’ was 63.8% for community-based multi-care facilities, 38.5% for group living facilities, and 31.3% for nursing homes.
 - In the area where three kinds of facilities were established, average rates for the selection area always became larger in the order of nursing homes, group living facilities, and community-based multi-care facilities. The overall average selection rates were higher for community-based facilities than for facilities covering wide areas and higher for outpatient care facilities than for inpatient care facilities.
 - In terms of movements within and between ‘daily living areas’, selection rates for small multi-care facilities, which are community-based and provide outpatient services, were 50% or higher in all areas where such facilities are available, indicating that movements between different ‘daily living areas’ were relatively few. However, selection rates for nursing homes, which cover wide areas and provide inpatient services, were found to be lower than 30% in three areas, indicating that there was a high incidence of movements between different ‘daily living areas’. Furthermore, selection rates for group living facilities, which are community-based and provide inpatient services, were intermediate between those for nursing homes and community-based multi-care facilities.
 - The larger the 75-years-or-older population was or the lower the actual establishment rate of facilities was, the ratio of users from within the area tended to be higher. However, if there was no facility in the area, the ratio of facility users for the 75-years-or-older population itself tended to become lower.
 - Only the selection rate for group living facilities was found to have a strong positive correlation with the capacity limit of the facility within the living area.
 - A strong negative correlation was found between the selection rate for group living facilities and that for community-based multi-care facilities. This is possible because they are in complemental relation for the care of the elderly with dementia in the area. A strong negative correlation was found between the selection rate for inpatient facilities and that for community-based multi-care facilities.
 - An approximate formulation of the selection rates of these three facilities for the elderly in the living area was made on the basis of the above considerations.

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