| 1 | Near-infrared fluorophores for biomedical imaging | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2017 | 2,457 |
| 2 | Artificial intelligence in healthcare | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2018 | 1,599 |
| 3 | Explainable machine-learning predictions for the prevention of hypoxaemia during surgery | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2018 | 1,298 |
| 4 | Prediction of cardiovascular risk factors from retinal fundus photographs via deep learning | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2018 | 1,029 |
| 5 | The evolution of commercial drug delivery technologies | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2021 | 996 |
| 6 | Data-efficient and weakly supervised computational pathology on whole-slide images | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2021 | 978 |
| 7 | First-in-human liver-tumour surgery guided by multispectral fluorescence imaging in the visible and near-infrared-I/II windows | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 917 |
| 8 | CRISPR-based diagnostics | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2021 | 902 |
| 9 | TLR7/8-agonist-loaded nanoparticles promote the polarization of tumour-associated macrophages to enhance cancer immunotherapy | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2018 | 887 |
| 10 | Biodegradable and flexible arterial-pulse sensor for the wireless monitoring of blood flow | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 695 |
| 11 | Monitoring of the central blood pressure waveform via a conformal ultrasonic device | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2018 | 681 |
| 12 | Soft and elastic hydrogel-based microelectronics for localized low-voltage neuromodulation | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 674 |
| 13 | A wearable electrochemical biosensor for the monitoring of metabolites and nutrients | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2022 | 639 |
| 14 | Large-scale generation of functional mRNA-encapsulating exosomes via cellular nanoporation | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 604 |
| 15 | A complex human gut microbiome cultured in an anaerobic intestine-on-a-chip | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 591 |
| 16 | Light in diagnosis, therapy and surgery | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2017 | 590 |
| 17 | Nanoparticle delivery of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein and donor DNA in vivo induces homology-directed DNA repair | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2017 | 571 |
| 18 | Next-generation in vivo optical imaging with short-wave infrared quantum dots | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2017 | 550 |
| 19 | Detection of unamplified target genes via CRISPR–Cas9 immobilized on a graphene field-effect transistor | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 522 |
| 20 | Low-dose X-ray radiotherapy–radiodynamic therapy via nanoscale metal–organic frameworks enhances checkpoint blockade immunotherapy | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2018 | 517 |
| 21 | Clinical validation of a Cas13-based assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2020 | 516 |
| 22 | Glucose-responsive insulin patch for the regulation of blood glucose in mice and minipigs | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2020 | 510 |
| 23 | An epidermal patch for the simultaneous monitoring of haemodynamic and metabolic biomarkers | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2021 | 506 |
| 24 | Ultrasensitive detection of circulating exosomes with a 3D-nanopatterned microfluidic chip | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 474 |
| 25 | A bioprinted human-glioblastoma-on-a-chip for the identification of patient-specific responses to chemoradiotherapy | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 467 |
| 26 | Glial responses to implanted electrodes in the brain | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2017 | 463 |
| 27 | Combined local immunostimulatory radioisotope therapy and systemic immune checkpoint blockade imparts potent antitumour responses | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2018 | 450 |
| 28 | An integrated wearable microneedle array for the continuous monitoring of multiple biomarkers in interstitial fluid | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2022 | 443 |
| 29 | Inhibiting PD-L1 palmitoylation enhances T-cell immune responses against tumours | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 438 |
| 30 | Rapidly separable microneedle patch for the sustained release of a contraceptive | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 428 |
| 31 | In situ activation of platelets with checkpoint inhibitors for post-surgical cancer immunotherapy | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2017 | 423 |
| 32 | Low-cost thermophoretic profiling of extracellular-vesicle surface proteins for the early detection and classification of cancers | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 408 |
| 33 | Virtual histological staining of unlabelled tissue-autofluorescence images via deep learning | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 406 |
| 34 | Rapid intraoperative histology of unprocessed surgical specimens via fibre-laser-based stimulated Raman scattering microscopy | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2017 | 385 |
| 35 | Mature induced-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived human podocytes reconstitute kidney glomerular-capillary-wall function on a chip | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2017 | 376 |
| 36 | DNA origami nanostructures can exhibit preferential renal uptake and alleviate acute kidney injury | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2018 | 375 |
| 37 | Phage-guided modulation of the gut microbiota of mouse models of colorectal cancer augments their responses to chemotherapy | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 372 |
| 38 | Optimization of lipid nanoparticles for the delivery of nebulized therapeutic mRNA to the lungs | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2021 | 371 |
| 39 | Cytosine and adenine base editing of the brain, liver, retina, heart and skeletal muscle of mice via adeno-associated viruses | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2020 | 354 |
| 40 | Single-impulse panoramic photoacoustic computed tomography of small-animal whole-body dynamics at high spatiotemporal resolution | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2017 | 350 |
| 41 | Targeted tumour theranostics in mice via carbon quantum dots structurally mimicking large amino acids | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2020 | 347 |
| 42 | Self-supervised learning in medicine and healthcare | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2022 | 344 |
| 43 | Programming CAR-T cells to kill cancer | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2018 | 340 |
| 44 | Quantitative prediction of human pharmacokinetic responses to drugs via fluidically coupled vascularized organ chips | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2020 | 340 |
| 45 | Rapid single-molecule detection of COVID-19 and MERS antigens via nanobody-functionalized organic electrochemical transistors | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2021 | 340 |
| 46 | Antibiotic-loaded nanoparticles targeted to the site of infection enhance antibacterial efficacy | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2018 | 336 |
| 47 | A multi-organ chip with matured tissue niches linked by vascular flow | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2022 | 331 |
| 48 | Large-area MRI-compatible epidermal electronic interfaces for prosthetic control and cognitive monitoring | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2019 | 327 |
| 49 | Development and validation of a deep-learning algorithm for the detection of polyps during colonoscopy | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2018 | 324 |
| 50 | Nanoplasmonic quantification of tumour-derived extracellular vesicles in plasma microsamples for diagnosis and treatment monitoring | Nature Biomedical Engineering | 2017 | 323 |
