| 1 | Word2Vec | Natural Language Engineering | 2017 | 500 |
| 2 | GPT-3: What’s it good for? | Natural Language Engineering | 2021 | 226 |
| 3 | UIMA: an architectural approach to unstructured information processing in the corporate research environment | Natural Language Engineering | 2004 | 215 |
| 4 | Technical terminology: some linguistic properties and an algorithm for identification in text | Natural Language Engineering | 1995 | 210 |
| 5 | The return of the chatbots | Natural Language Engineering | 2016 | 196 |
| 6 | Building applied natural language generation systems | Natural Language Engineering | 1997 | 158 |
| 7 | Natural language interfaces to databases – an introduction | Natural Language Engineering | 1995 | 157 |
| 8 | Natural language processing in mental health applications using non-clinical texts | Natural Language Engineering | 2017 | 150 |
| 9 | The Penn Chinese TreeBank: Phrase structure annotation of a large corpus | Natural Language Engineering | 2005 | 137 |
| 10 | Christopher D. Manning, Prabhakar Raghavan, Hinrich Schütze, Introduction to Information Retrieval, Cambridge University Press. 2008. ISBN-13 978-0-521-86571-5, xxi + 482 pages. | Natural Language Engineering | 2010 | 134 |
| 11 | MaltParser: A language-independent system for data-driven dependency parsing | Natural Language Engineering | 2007 | 130 |
| 12 | Natural language question answering:
the view from here | Natural Language Engineering | 2001 | 115 |
| 13 | Keyword extraction: Issues and methods | Natural Language Engineering | 2020 | 104 |
| 14 | Poisson mixtures | Natural Language Engineering | 1995 | 103 |
| 15 | Sentiment analysis in Twitter | Natural Language Engineering | 2014 | 101 |
| 16 | Comparison of text preprocessing methods | Natural Language Engineering | 2023 | 92 |
| 17 | Towards a tool for the Subjective Assessment of Speech System Interfaces (SASSI) | Natural Language Engineering | 2000 | 90 |
| 18 | Distribution of content words and phrases in text and language modelling | Natural Language Engineering | 1996 | 84 |
| 19 | Discovery of inference rules for question-answering | Natural Language Engineering | 2001 | 84 |
| 20 | Information state and dialogue management in the TRINDI dialogue move engine toolkit | Natural Language Engineering | 2000 | 79 |
| 21 | A hierarchical Dirichlet language model | Natural Language Engineering | 1995 | 72 |
| 22 | The TREC question answering track | Natural Language Engineering | 2001 | 71 |
| 23 | KIM – a semantic platform for information extraction and retrieval | Natural Language Engineering | 2004 | 68 |
| 24 | A computer-aided environment for generating multiple-choice test items | Natural Language Engineering | 2006 | 67 |
| 25 | Learning question classifiers: the role of semantic information | Natural Language Engineering | 2006 | 63 |
| 26 | NLP-driven citation analysis for scientometrics | Natural Language Engineering | 2017 | 63 |
| 27 | Detecting errors in English article usage by non-native speakers | Natural Language Engineering | 2006 | 62 |
| 28 | Partial parsing via finite-state cascades | Natural Language Engineering | 1996 | 61 |
| 29 | Applied morphological processing of English | Natural Language Engineering | 2001 | 59 |
| 30 | Bootstrapping parsers via syntactic projection across parallel texts | Natural Language Engineering | 2005 | 59 |
| 31 | Natural language processing in an operational clinical information system | Natural Language Engineering | 1995 | 56 |
| 32 | Distinguishing systems and distinguishing senses:
new evaluation methods for Word Sense Disambiguation | Natural Language Engineering | 1999 | 55 |
| 33 | Some useful tactics to modify, map and mine data from intelligent tutors | Natural Language Engineering | 2006 | 54 |
| 34 | Towards developing general models of usability with PARADISE | Natural Language Engineering | 2000 | 52 |
| 35 | SUMMAC: a text summarization evaluation | Natural Language Engineering | 2002 | 52 |
| 36 | Survey about citation context analysis: Tasks, techniques, and resources | Natural Language Engineering | 2016 | 52 |
| 37 | Evolving GATE to meet new challenges in language engineering | Natural Language Engineering | 2004 | 50 |
| 38 | Directional distributional similarity for lexical inference | Natural Language Engineering | 2010 | 49 |
| 39 | A survey of automatic Arabic diacritization techniques | Natural Language Engineering | 2015 | 49 |
| 40 | Emerging trends: A gentle introduction to fine-tuning | Natural Language Engineering | 2021 | 48 |
| 41 | Recognizing subjectivity: a case study in manual tagging | Natural Language Engineering | 1999 | 47 |
| 42 | Correcting real-word spelling errors by restoring lexical cohesion | Natural Language Engineering | 2005 | 47 |
| 43 | On building a more effcient grammar by
exploiting types | Natural Language Engineering | 2000 | 46 |
| 44 | BLANC: Implementing the Rand index for coreference evaluation | Natural Language Engineering | 2011 | 46 |
| 45 | Automatic generation of weather forecast texts using comprehensive probabilistic generation-space models | Natural Language Engineering | 2008 | 45 |
| 46 | Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: the KPML development environment | Natural Language Engineering | 1997 | 44 |
| 47 | A PDTB-styled end-to-end discourse parser | Natural Language Engineering | 2014 | 42 |
| 48 | Regular expressions for language engineering | Natural Language Engineering | 1996 | 41 |
| 49 | The role of domain information in Word Sense Disambiguation | Natural Language Engineering | 2002 | 40 |
| 50 | Wisdom of crowds versus wisdom of linguists – measuring the semantic relatedness of words | Natural Language Engineering | 2010 | 40 |
