This chart shows the percentage of citations to Jang-Yeon Hwang's peer-reviewed articles that originate from Jang-Yeon Hwang's own papers, i.e., papers where Jang-Yeon Hwang is one of the authors. A self-citation occurs when the citing paper lists Jang-Yeon Hwang as an author. Elevated rates may reflect a small co-author network or a narrow research focus.