This chart shows the percentage of citations to Laith Abu-Raddad's peer-reviewed articles that originate from Laith Abu-Raddad's own papers, i.e., papers where Laith Abu-Raddad is one of the authors. A self-citation occurs when the citing paper lists Laith Abu-Raddad as an author. Elevated rates may reflect a small co-author network or a narrow research focus.